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一日，隨侍馬祖路行次，聞野鴨聲，馬祖云：「什麼聲？」

One day, while accompanying Mazu on the road, they heard wild ducks. Mazu said, “What sound is that?”

師云：「野鴨聲。」

Baizhang said, “The sound of wild ducks.”

良久，馬祖云：「適來聲向什麼處去。」

After a while, Mazu said, “Where did that sound just now go?”

師云：「飛過去。」

Baizhang said, “It flew past.”

馬祖迴頭，將師鼻便搊，師作痛聲。

Mazu turned and twisted Baizhang’s nose; Baizhang cried out in pain.

馬祖云：「又道飛過去？」

Mazu said, “And you still say it flew past?”

師於言下有省。

At these words, Baizhang awakened.

問：「不與萬法為侶者是甚麼人？」

Question: “Who is the one who does not keep company with the ten thousand things?”

曰：「待汝一口吸盡西江水，即向汝道。」

Answer: “When you drink up the West River in one gulp, I will tell you.”

百丈和尚。凡參次有一老人。常隨眾聽法。眾人退老人亦退。忽一日不退。師遂問。面前立者復是何人。

Master Baizhang noticed an old man who always listened to the teaching with the assembly and left when they left, until one day he did not leave. Baizhang asked who he was.

老人云。諾某甲非人也。於過去迦葉佛時。曾住此山。因學人問。大修行底人還落因果。也無。某甲對云。不落因果。五百生墮野狐身。

The old man said: I am not human. In the time of Kāśyapa Buddha I lived on this mountain. A student asked whether a person of great practice still falls into cause and effect. I answered, “Does not fall into cause and effect,” and for five hundred lives I fell into the body of a wild fox.

今請和尚。代一轉語貴。脫野狐遂問。大修行底人還落因果。也無。

Now I beg the Master for one turning word to free me from the fox body. So he asked again: Does a person of great practice still fall into cause and effect?

師云。不昧因果。

Baizhang said: “Not ignorant of cause and effect.”

老人於言下大悟。作禮云。某甲已脫野狐身。住在山後。

At these words the old man awakened, bowed, and said he was freed from the fox body and was now behind the mountain.

敢告和尚。乞依亡僧事例。師令[A2]維那白槌告眾。食後送亡僧。

He asked for funeral rites as for a deceased monk. Baizhang told the assembly after the meal to send off a dead monk.

大眾言議。一眾皆安涅槃堂。又無人病。何故如是。食後只見師領眾。至山後巖下。以杖挑出一死野狐。乃依火葬。

The monks wondered, since everyone was present and no one was sick. After the meal they followed Baizhang to a cliff behind the mountain, where he lifted out a dead wild fox with his staff and cremated it.

師至晚上堂。舉前因緣。黃蘗便問。古人錯祇對一轉語。墮五百生野狐身。轉轉不錯。合作箇甚麼。

That evening Baizhang raised this story. Huangbo asked: If one wrong turning word caused five hundred lives as a fox, what if every turning word is never wrong?

師云。近前來與伊道。黃蘗遂近前。與師一掌。師拍手笑云。將謂。胡鬚赤更有赤鬚胡。

Baizhang said: Come closer and I will tell you. Huangbo stepped forward and slapped him. Baizhang clapped and laughed: I thought a red-bearded barbarian was one thing, now there is another red-bearded barbarian.

無門曰。不落因果。為甚墮野狐。不昧因果。為甚脫野狐。若向者裏著得一隻眼。便知得。前百丈贏得。風流五百生。

Wumen said: If “not falling into cause and effect,” why become a wild fox? If “not obscuring cause and effect,” why be freed? If you gain one eye here, you know old Baizhang won graceful freedom through five hundred lives.

頌曰。

Verse:

不落不昧

Not falling, not obscuring;

兩采一賽

two sides, one game.

不昧不落

Not obscuring, not falling;

千錯萬錯

a thousand mistakes, ten thousand mistakes.

俱胝和尚。凡有詰問。唯舉一指。後有童子。因外人問。和尚說何法要。童子亦竪指頭。

Master Gutei, whenever questioned, only raised one finger. Later, a boy answered visitors the same way when asked what Dharma the master taught.

胝聞。遂以刃斷其指。童子負痛號哭而去。胝復召之。童子迴首。胝却竪起指。童子忽然領悟。

Hearing this, Gutei cut off the boy’s finger. As the boy cried and ran away, Gutei called him back. When he turned his head, Gutei raised one finger; the boy suddenly awakened.

胝將順世。謂眾曰。吾得天龍一指頭禪。一生受用不盡。言訖示滅。

Before passing away, Gutei told the assembly: “I received Tianlong’s one-finger Zen and used it all my life without exhausting it.” Then he entered nirvana.

無門曰。俱胝并童子悟處。不在指頭上。若向者裏見得。天龍同俱胝并童子。與自己一串穿却。

Wumen said: The awakening of Gutei and the boy is not in the fingertip. If you see through this, Tianlong, Gutei, the boy, and you yourself are threaded on one string.

頌曰。

Verse:

俱胝鈍置老天龍

Gutei made old Tianlong seem dull;

利刃單提勘小童

with a sharp blade he tested the young attendant.

巨靈擡手無多子

When the giant spirit lifts his hand, little remains;

分破華山千萬重

he cleaves Mount Hua into ten thousand layers.

南泉和尚。因東西堂爭猫兒。泉乃提起云。大眾道得即救。道不得即斬却也。眾無對。泉遂斬之。晚趙州外歸。泉舉似州。州乃脫履。安頭上而出。泉云。子若在即救得猫兒。

Master Nanquan, because the eastern and western halls were fighting over a cat, held it up and said: “If you can speak, you will save it; if you cannot, I will cut it.” The assembly had no reply, and Nanquan cut it. Later, when Zhaozhou returned, Nanquan told him what happened. Zhaozhou took off his sandals, put them on his head, and walked out. Nanquan said, “If you had been here, you could have saved the cat.”

無門曰。且道。趙州頂草鞋意作麼生。若向者裏下得一轉語。便見南泉令不虛行。其或未然險。

Wumen said: Tell me, what is the meaning of Zhaozhou placing straw sandals on his head? If you can utter one turning word here, you will see Nanquan’s command was not carried out in vain. Otherwise, danger.

頌曰。

Verse:

趙州若在

If Zhaozhou had been there,

倒行此令

he would have reversed this command;

奪却刀子

snatched away the knife,

南泉乞命

and Nanquan would have begged for his life.

達磨面壁。二祖立雪斷臂云。弟子心未安。乞師安心。磨云。將心來。與汝安。祖云。覓心了不可得。磨云。為汝安心竟。

Bodhidharma faced the wall. The Second Patriarch stood in the snow and cut off his arm, saying, “My mind is not yet at peace; I beg the Master to pacify it.” Bodhidharma said, “Bring me your mind and I will pacify it.” The Patriarch said, “I have sought the mind but cannot find it.” Bodhidharma said, “I have pacified it for you completely.”

無門曰。缺齒老胡。十萬里航海特特而來。可謂是無風起浪。末後接得一箇門人。又却六根不具。咦謝三郎。不識四字。

Wumen said: The toothless old barbarian crossed the sea ten thousand miles just to stir waves where there was no wind. In the end he got one disciple, yet that fellow was lacking in all six faculties. Hey, Third Son Xie—he does not know four characters.

頌曰。

Verse:

西來直指

Direct pointing from the West;

事因囑起

the affair arose from entrustment.

撓聒叢林

It disturbed and noisied up the monasteries;

元來是爾

in the end, it is just you.

帝曰：「對朕者誰？」

The emperor asked, “Who is it that stands before me?”

曰：「不識。」

Bodhidharma said, “I do not know.”

趙州因僧問。如何是祖師西來意。州云。庭前柏樹子。

A monk asked Zhaozhou, “What is the meaning of the ancestral teacher’s coming from the West?” Zhaozhou said, “The cypress tree before the courtyard.”

無門曰。若向趙州答處。見得親切。前無釋迦。後無彌勒。

Wumen said: If at Zhaozhou’s answer you see intimately, then before you there is no Śākyamuni and after you no Maitreya.

頌曰。

Verse:

言無展事

Words do not unfold the matter;

語不投機

speech does not meet the pivot.

承言者喪

Those who follow words are lost;

滯句者迷

those stuck in phrases are deluded.

擊竹作聲，忽然大悟。

A sound rang out as a piece of tile struck bamboo, and Xiangyan suddenly awakened.

「一擊忘所知，更不假修持。」

“With one strike, all I knew was forgotten; no further cultivation is required.”

問：「曾到此間麼？」

Question: “Have you been here before?”

曰：「曾到。」

Answer: “Yes, I have.”

曰：「喫茶去。」

Zhaozhou said, “Go drink tea.”

又問：「不曾到？」

Again he asked, “You have not been here before?”

曰：「喫茶去。」

Zhaozhou said, “Go drink tea.”

古有十六開士，入浴時忽悟水因。

Long ago, sixteen bodhisattvas entered the bath and suddenly awakened to the condition of water.

妙觸宣明，成佛子住。

Through wondrous touch, clarity was revealed, and they abided as children of the Buddha.

五祖問僧云。倩女離魂。那箇是真底。

Wuzu asked a monk: Qiannü’s soul leaves her body—which one is the true one?

無門曰。若向者裏悟得真底。便知出殼入殼。如宿旅舍。其或未然。切莫亂走。驀然地水火風一散。如落湯螃蠏七手八脚。那時莫言。不道。

Wumen said: If you awaken to the true one here, you will know leaving and entering the shell like staying at an inn. If not yet so, do not run about blindly. Suddenly when earth, water, fire, and wind scatter, you will be like a crab dropped into boiling soup, flailing in all directions. At that time, do not say no one told you.

頌曰。

Verse:

雲月是同

Cloud and moon are the same;

溪山各異

stream and mountain are each different.

萬福萬福

Ten thousand blessings, ten thousand blessings;

是一是二

is it one, or is it two?

以一切眾生病，是故我病。

Because all beings are ill, therefore I am ill.

若一切眾生病滅，則我病滅。

If the illness of all beings ceases, then my illness will cease.

世尊指地曰：「此處宜建梵剎。」

The World-Honored One pointed to the ground and said, “This place is suitable for building a monastery.”

帝釋插草曰：「建梵剎已竟。」

Śakra planted a blade of grass and said, “The monastery has already been built.”

世尊微笑。

The World-Honored One smiled.